Tracking Trump’s
Critical Minerals Deals
Note: This page is an excerpt of the full report, The Trump Administration’s Many Tools for Seizing Critical Minerals Abroad.
There is no publicly available central repository of minerals agreements. A February 2026 State Department fact sheet suggests that 38 Memoranda of Understanding (MOUs) or minerals frameworks have been agreed to or would be shortly. A Freedom of Information Act request for the list of countries and text of those agreements is pending.
Public Citizen’s review of publicly available announcements and documents revealed the existence of 27 such deals to date (15 MOUs and 12 framework agreements). Less than half of the MOUs announced have been made fully public, only two of which were released by the U.S. government. The rest are public thanks to the partner country.
The following map illustrates the known minerals-related instruments negotiated under Trump’s second term.
- Attended the Minerals Ministerial, but has no known agreement
- Has a non-binding MOU, Action Plan, or Framework
- Has a binding ART, framework for an ART, or Minerals for Security deal
- Has a binding agreement and at least one non-binding agreement
For easy comparison, the same information available in the map is provided in table format below. The righthand column signifies whether a country delegation attended the 2026 Critical Minerals Ministerial, which is included as an indication of the administration’s potential interest in minerals dealmaking with that country.
Yes indicates that the U.S. government has released the text of this agreement.
Yes* with an asterisk indicates that the text has been made public, but not by the U.S. government.
Announced indicates that the U.S. has acknowledged the existence of such a deal, but text is not available.
Announced* with an asterisk indicates that the agreement was announced by the other country or in the press, but not by the United States, and text is not available.
Below the table is a list with more detail on each instrument and links to sources if available.
|
Country |
ART |
Framework for ART |
Action Plan |
Minerals for Security |
Framework |
MOU |
Attended Ministerial |
| Angola | Yes | ||||||
| Argentina | Yes | Announced | Yes | ||||
| Armenia | Yes* | Yes | |||||
| Australia | Yes | Yes | |||||
| Azerbaijan | Announced* | ||||||
| Bahrain | Announced* | Yes | |||||
| Bangladesh | Yes | ||||||
| Belgium | Yes | ||||||
| Bolivia | Announced | Yes | |||||
| Brazil | Yes | ||||||
| Canada | Yes | ||||||
| Cambodia | Yes | ||||||
| Chile | Announced* | ||||||
| Cook Islands | Yes* | Yes | |||||
| Czech Republic | Yes | ||||||
| DRC | Yes | Yes | |||||
| Dominican Republic | Yes | ||||||
| Ecuador | Yes | Announced | Yes | ||||
| El Salvador | Yes | ||||||
| Estonia | Yes | ||||||
| European Union | Announced | Yes | Yes* | Yes | |||
| Finland | Yes | ||||||
| France | Yes | ||||||
| Germany | Yes | ||||||
| Greece | Yes | ||||||
| Guinea | Announced | Yes | |||||
| India | Announced | Announced* | Yes | ||||
| Indonesia | Yes | ||||||
| Israel | Yes | ||||||
| Italy | Yes | ||||||
| Japan | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||
| Jordan | Yes | Yes | |||||
| Kazakhstan | Announced | Yes | |||||
| Kenya | Yes | ||||||
| Lithuania | Yes | ||||||
| Malaysia | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||||
| Mexico | Yes | Yes | |||||
| Mongolia | Yes | ||||||
| Morocco | Announced | Yes | |||||
| Netherlands | Yes | ||||||
| New Zealand | Yes | ||||||
| North Macedonia | Announced | ||||||
| Norway | Yes | ||||||
| Oman | Yes | ||||||
| Pakistan | Yes* | Yes | |||||
| Paraguay | Announced | Yes | |||||
| Peru | Announced | Yes | |||||
| Philippines | Announced | Yes | |||||
| Poland | Announced | Yes | |||||
| Qatar | Yes | ||||||
| Romania | Yes | ||||||
| Saudi Arabia | Announced | Yes | |||||
| Sierra Leone | Yes | ||||||
| Singapore | Yes | ||||||
| Sweden | Yes | ||||||
| Switzerland- Liechtenstein | Announced | ||||||
| Taiwan | Yes | ||||||
| Thailand | Announced | Yes | Yes | ||||
| UAE | Announced | Yes | |||||
| United Kingdom | Yes* | Yes | |||||
| Ukraine | Yes | Yes | |||||
| Uzbekistan | Announced | Yes | |||||
| Vietnam | Announced | ||||||
| Zambia | Yes | ||||||
| Quad | Yes |
Note: The Guatemala ART is not included above because it does not have minerals terms. Because frameworks toward an ART are works in progress that do not have text available, we include them above even if their accompanying, high-level joint statement does not explicitly mention critical minerals.
See below for more information on each instrument and links to sources if available. The compilation includes some instruments that are not included in the table because they are drafts or otherwise not sufficiently verifiable.
Agreements on Reciprocal Trade (ARTs)
- Argentina: Agreement between the United States of America and Argentina on Reciprocal Trade and Investment, February 5, 2026; Joint Statement on Framework for a United States-Argentina Agreement on Reciprocal Trade and Investment, November 13, 2025
- Bangladesh: Agreement between the United States of America and the People’s Republic of Bangladesh on Reciprocal Trade, February 9, 2026
- Cambodia: Agreement between the United States of America and the Kingdom of Cambodia on Reciprocal Trade, October 26, 2025
- Ecuador: Agreement between the United States of America and the Republic of Ecuador on Reciprocal Trade, March 13, 2026; Joint Statement on Framework for United States-Ecuador Agreement on Reciprocal Trade, November 13, 2025
- El Salvador: Agreement between the United States of America and the Republic of El Salvador on Reciprocal Trade, January 29, 2026; Joint Statement on Framework for United States-El Salvador Agreement on Reciprocal Trade, November 13, 2025
- European Union framework only: Joint Statement on a United States-European Union Framework on an Agreement on Reciprocal, Fair, and Balanced Trade, August 21, 2025
- Guatemala: Agreement between the United States of America and the Republic of Guatemala on Reciprocal Trade, January 30, 2026, critical minerals not in text; Joint Statement on Framework for United States-Guatemala Agreement on Reciprocal Trade, November 13, 2025
- India framework only: Joint Statement on framework for an Interim Agreement regarding reciprocal and mutually beneficial trade, February 6, 2026
- Indonesia: Agreement between the United States of America and the Republic of Indonesia on Reciprocal Trade, February 19, 2026; Joint Statement on Framework For United States-Indonesia Agreement on Reciprocal Trade, July 22, 2025
- Jordan: Agreement between the United States of America and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan on Reciprocal Trade, July 21, 2026
- Malaysia: Agreement between the United States of America and Malaysia on Reciprocal Trade, October 26, 2025
- North Macedonia framework only: Joint Statement on a Framework for United States-North Macedonia Agreement on Reciprocal, Fair, and Balanced Trade, February 12, 2026
- Switzerland framework only: Joint Statement on a Framework for a United States – Switzerland – Liechtenstein Agreement on Fair, Balanced, and Reciprocal Trade, November 14, 2025
- Taiwan: Agreement between the American Institute in Taiwan and the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in the United States on Reciprocal Trade between the United States of America and Taiwan, February 12, 2026
- Thailand framework only: Joint Statement on A Framework For A United States-Thailand Agreement On Reciprocal Trade, on October 26, 2025
- Vietnam framework only: Joint Statement on United States-Vietnam Framework for an Agreement on Reciprocal, Fair, and Balanced Trade, October 26, 2025
Critical‑Minerals Action Plans
- European Union: United States-European Union Action Plan for Critical Minerals Supply Chain Resilience, April 24, 2026
- Japan: U.S.-Japan Action Plan for Critical Minerals Supply Chain Resilience, March 19, 2026
- Mexico: United States-Mexico Critical Minerals Action Plan, February 4, 2026
“Minerals for Security” Agreements
- Democratic Republic of the Congo: Strategic Partnership Agreement Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, December 4, 2025
- Ukraine: Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of Ukraine on the Establishment of a United States-Ukraine Reconstruction Investment Fund, April 30, 2025
Framework Agreements on Critical Minerals
- Armenia: Republic of Armenia – United States of America Framework for Securing of Supply in the Mining and Processing of Critical Minerals and Rare Earths, May 26, 2026
- Australia: United States-Australia Framework for Securing of Supply in the Mining and Processing of Critical Minerals and Rare Earths, October 20, 2025
- Azerbaijan: critical minerals framework announced June 2, 2026. Title and text not available
- Bahrain: critical minerals framework announced January 27, 2026. Title and text not available
- Cook Islands: Framework for Securing of Supply in the Mining and Processing of Critical Minerals and Rare Earths, February 4, 2026
- India: Framework for Securing of Supply in the Mining and Processing of Critical Minerals and Rare Earths announced, May 26, 2026; text not released
- Japan: Framework for Securing the Supply of Critical Minerals and Rare Earths Through Mining and Processing, October 27, 2025
- New Zealand: negotiations for a critical minerals framework mentioned in a February 2, 2026 State Department release. New Zealand released a partial description of a draft United States – New Zealand Framework for Securing of Supply in the Mining and Processing of Critical Minerals and Rare Earths, May 5, 2026
- Pakistan: Framework Agreement Between the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the Government of the United States of America on Strategic Cooperation and Supply of Rare Earth Minerals and Metals, unsigned DRAFT submitted for U.S. review: May 30, 2025. It seems this diplomatic agreement laid the foundation for a later (confidential) MOU between Missouri-based U.S. Strategic Metals and Pakistan’s military-run Frontier Works Organisation for a $500 million investment
- Poland: Framework for Securing of Supply in the Mining Processing and Recycling of Critical Minerals including Rare Earths, May 6, 2026.
- Saudi Arabia: Strategic Framework for Cooperation on Securing Uranium, Metals, Permanent Magnets, and Critical Minerals Supply Chains announced November 17, 2025; text not released
- United Arab Emirates: Framework on Securing Supply in the Mining and Processing of Critical Minerals and Rare Earths announced on February 6, 2026; text not released
- Multilateral: Quad Critical Minerals Initiative Framework among the United States, Japan, Australia, and India, May 26, 2026
Memoranda of Understanding (MOUs) on Critical Minerals
- Argentina: Critical Minerals MOU announced February 4, 2026; text not released.
- Bolivia: Critical Minerals MOU announced April 27, 2026; text not released
- Chile: Joint Declaration to Establish Consultations on Critical Minerals and Rare Earths announced March 13, 2026; text not released
- Ecuador: Critical Minerals MOU announced February 4, 2026; text not released
- European Union: MOU Between The European Union and The United States of America on a Strategic Partnership on Critical Minerals, April 24, 2026
- Guinea: Critical Minerals MOU announced February 4, 2026; text not released
- Japan: Memorandum of Cooperation Regarding Deep‑Sea Mineral Resource Development, March 19, 2026
- Kazakhstan: Critical Minerals MOU announced November 2025; text not released
- Malaysia: MOU Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of Malaysia Concerning Cooperation to Diversify Global Critical Minerals Supply Chains and Promote Investments, October 26, 2025
- Morocco: Critical Minerals MOU announced February 4, 2026; text not released
- Paraguay: Critical Minerals MOU announced February 4, 2026; text not released
- Peru: Critical Minerals MOU announced February 4, 2026; text not released
- Philippines: Critical Minerals MOU announced February 4, 2026; text not released
- Thailand: MOU Between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Kingdom of Thailand Concerning Cooperation to Diversify Global Critical Minerals Supply Chains and Promote Investments, October 26, 2025
- United Kingdom: MOU between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland for Securing of Supply in the Mining and Processing of Critical Minerals and Rare Earths, February 5, 2026
- Uzbekistan: Memorandum of Understanding between the Governments of Uzbekistan and the United States of America for Securing of Supply in the Mining and Processing of Critical Minerals and Rare Earths announced, February 5, 2026